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Directions:

Write a 350 word main post that responds to each question below.

Chapter 1 covers a variety of myths about human communication and principles of communication. Choose a total of three communication myths and/or principles from the text.

Questions to Answer:

How do you relate to each myth and/or principle you selected?
What effect does each one have on human relationships?
Use specific examples from your experience to explain your answers to the questions above.

Video link: https://youtu.be/zVqc-cIc68Q

Chapter One:
The Essentials of Human Communication

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Chapter One Goals

 Use the essential elements and principles of
human communication in your daily
interactions

 Acknowledge the role of culture in all forms
of communication

 The more you communicate, the better your
communication will be.

 When two people are in a close relationship,
neither person should have to communicate
needs and wants explicitly; the other person
should know what these are.

Myths About Human Communication

 Interpersonal or group conflict is a reliable
sign that the relationship or group is in
trouble.

 Like good communicators, leaders are born,
not made.

 Fear of speaking in public is detrimental and
must be eliminated.

Myths About Human Communication
cont…

Skills

 Self-presentation skills
 Relationship skills
 Interviewing skills
 Group interaction and leadership skills
 Presentation (public speaking) skills
 Media literacy skills

Forms of Human Communication

 Intrapersonal
– Talking with one’s self to better learn and judge

self

 Interpersonal
– Interactions with a person with whom you have a

relationship
– Learn and reveal about others and self

Forms of Communication cont…

 Interviewing
– Communication that proceeds by question and

answer
– A method of self-learning, gaining counsel, and

achieving goals
 Small group/team

– Working with others to solve problems, develop
new ideas, and share knowledge and experiences

 Public
– In public settings, people inform and persuade

one another to act, buy, or think.
 Computer mediated

– Communication that takes place through some
kind of computer

– Examples: e-mail, instant messaging, and social
networking sites

– Asynchronous

 Mass communication
– Communication from one source to many

receivers
– Includes magazines, newspapers, radio, and

television

 Linear model
 Shows communication as a process where

you either speak or listen.

Communication Models and Concepts

Transactional Model

 Source-Receivers
– Each person

involved is both a
source and a
receiver

 Encoding–decoding

Messages

 Can be verbal or nonverbal
 Feedforward Messages

– Phatic communication or small talk.
– Preliminary to actual messages

 Feedback Messages
– Self-feedback v. feedback from others

 Metamessages
– Communication about communication

Workplace Messages

 Messages are often classified in terms of
their direction
– Upward Communication: Employee to boss
– Downward Communication: Boss to employee
– Lateral Communication: Manager to Manager
– Grapevine Communication: Informal messages

not yet made “official.”

Communication Context

 Physical – Tangible or concrete environment
 Cultural – Includes lifestyles, beliefs, and

behaviors affecting the communication
 Social-psychological – Status-relationship

among the speakers.
 Temporal – Position of the message within a

sequence of events.

Channel

 Face-to-Face Communication
 Computer-Mediated Communication
 Vocal Channel
 Visual Channel
 Olfactory Channel
 Tactile Channel

Noise

 Physical – External
 Physiological – Barriers within the speaker or

listener
 Psychological – Mental or internal
 Semantic – When the speaker and listener

have different meaning systems (Jargon)

Signal-to-Noise Ratio

 Signal – Information one would find useful.
 Noise – Information that one would find

useless.
 Noise can not be totally eliminated, but can

be reduced by
– Using more precise language
– Sharpening nonverbal skills
– Improving listening and feedback

 For every communication act, there is
some consequence.

 Cognitive
 Affective
 Psychomotor

Effects

Principles of Communication

 Purposeful
 Ambiguous
 Involves content and

relationships
 Has a power dimension

 Involves choices
 Punctuated
 Inevitable, irreversible,

and unrepeatable

Culture and Human Communication

 Culture consists of the beliefs, ways of
behaving, and artifacts of a group.

 Gender and
changing
gender roles

The Importance of Culture

 Demographic changes
 Increased sensitivity to cultural differences
 Economic interdependency
 Advances in communication technology
 Culture-specific nature of communication

Dimensions of Culture

 Uncertainty avoidance
 Masculinity-femininity
 Power distance
 Individualism-collectivism
 High and low context
 Indulgence and restraint
 Long- and short-term orientation

Cultural Perspective

 Culture permeates all forms of
communication

 Cultural differences exist across the
communication spectrum

Ethnic Identity

 Your self-identity as a member of a cultural
group

 Embracing the attitudes and beliefs of the
group

 Behave as a member of the group and follow
the customs

Ethnocentrism

 The tendency to see others and their
behaviors through your own cultural filters

 Evaluating your own culture as superior
 Can lead to viewing other cultures as inferior

The Ethnocentrism Continuum

People are not either ethnocentric or non-
ethnocentric; most are somewhere in the
middle.

 Your knowledge and understanding of how
communication works

 Your ability to use communication effectively

Communication Competence

The Competent Communicator…

 Thinks critically and mindfully
 Is culturally sensitive
 Is ethical
 Is an effective listener

End Show

Chapter One Goals
Myths About Human Communication

Myths About Human Communication cont…

Skills
Forms of Human Communication
Forms of Communication cont…

Slide 8
Slide 9

Communication Models and Concepts
Transactional Model

PowerPoint Presentation

Messages
Workplace Messages
Communication Context
Channel
Noise
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
Effects
Principles of Communication
Culture and Human Communication
The Importance of Culture
Dimensions of Culture
Cultural Perspective
Ethnic Identity
Ethnocentrism
The Ethnocentrism Continuum
Communication Competence
The Competent Communicator…
End Show

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