Block chain and crypto currency
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Blockchain can be described as an immutable ledger, logging data entries in a decentralized way
This new innovation has been proposed to upset a wide scope of information driven areas, including the health domain. Transactions are all the while secure and reliable because of the utilization of cryptographic standards. Lately, blockchain innovation has become in vogue and entered various spaces, generally because of the prevalence of cryptographic forms of money. One field where blockchain innovation has enormous potential is Health Care, because of the requirement for a more patient-driven way to deal with medical care frameworks and to associate different frameworks and increment the precision of electronic medical care records (EHRs). The point is to uncover the expected utilizations of the innovation and to feature the difficulties and potential bearings of blockchain research in Health Care. The overall aim is to get the necessary applications of the Blockchain technology and to highlight the challenges and to feature the difficulties and potential bearings of blockchain research in Health Care. Firstly, Background information is being discussed, trailed by a depiction of the specific system utilized in this paper. Then, an investigation of the outcomes is given, which incorporates a bibliometric outline, an examination of assembled information and its properties, and the consequences of a writing quality assessment. Finally, there is a conversation of the outcomes from the investigation. The discoveries demonstrate that blockchain innovation research Health care is expanding and it is generally utilized for information sharing, overseeing wellbeing records and access control. Different situations are exceptionally uncommon. Most research is aimed at presenting novel structural designs in the form of use cases in the state of applying to Blockchain technology, for instance for sharing electronic medical records, Health Insurance Claiming Process, Remote patient Monitoring, Secure and trustable clinical data. We have also focused on challenges and opportunities faced in future advancements.
Blockchain technology has been penetrating every aspect of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and its use has been growing rapidly in recent years. The interest and development of this technology has primarily been driven by the enormous value growth of cryptocurrencies and large investments of venture capital in blockchain start-ups. It is forecast that the market for blockchain technology will grow until 2021.Currently there are more than 1500 crypto coins.which were created in just a few years after the introduction of Bitcoin.Bitcoin was the pioneer digital coin. It assures that transactions are performed in a decentralized way without the need for a trusted central authority. As public keys are employed there is no need to disclose someone’s identity. A vital part of the Bitcoin network are miners that receive coins for their computational work to verify and store transactions (payments) in the Bitcoin blockchain.
Cryptocurrencies are just one example of the use of blockchain technology. Basically there are three concepts that need to be distinguished in a cryptocurrency —the blockchain, the protocol and the currency. A coin can implement its own currency and protocol, but use the blockchain of another coin like Bitcoin or Ethereum [
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]. In the world of cryptocurrencies, the blockchain acts as a distributed ledger that stores all the performed transactions of coins. Con-sequentially, such a blockchain grows continuously as new blocks are added over time. Most known cryptocurrency blockchains are public and one can query their transactions through web platforms like blockchain.com—a web platform for querying the transactions of the Bitcoin blockchain.
Blockchain enables transactions between entities without the need for a (trusted) third-party. It relies on validators (often miners) that replace the third parties and validate transactions in a decentralized way. This is achieved through a distributed consensus—an ability to agree on something among multiple parties that do not trust each other. In the crypto-currency world, this computational problem is related to the double-spending problem, i.e., how to confirm that a specific amount of a digital coin has not already been spent without the validation of a trusted third-party (usually a bank), which keeps a record of all transactions and users’ balances.
Blockchain technology is associated with the financial industry, but it can be applied to other industries. The supporting architecture of blockchain has the immense potential to transform the delivery of healthcare, medical, clinical, and life sciences, due to the extended functionality and distinct features of its distributed ledger. The potential scale of impact is comparable to that seen with the introduction of TCP/IP. Blockchain technology has captured the interest of healthcare providers and biomedical scientists within various healthcare domains such as longitudinal healthcare records, automated claims, drug development, interoperability in population health, consumer health, patient portals, medical research, data security, and reducing costs with supply chain management. It is not yet clear if blockchain is going to disrupt healthcare, but healthcare organizations are monitoring its potential closely for prospective concepts like secure patient IDs. Realistically, the adoption and implementation of blockchains will be a gradual evolution over time, but now is the time to take a fresh look at its possibilities in healthcare and biomedical sciences. Blockchain technology revolutionary solutions are bringing us closer to the possibility of every patient record being able to send updates to an open-source, community-wide trusted ledger that is accessible and understood across organizations with guaranteed integrity.
Types of Block chain in helath care
Blockchain technology can facilitate the transition from institution-driven interoperability to patient-centered interoperability. Blockchain technology allows patients to assign access rules for their medical data, for example, permitting specific researchers to access parts of their data for a fixed period of time. With blockchain technology, patients can connect to other hospitals and collect their medical data automatically.
In addition, these functions, which can be implemented with blockchain technology, may be useful for ensuring the rights of data subjects as defined by the EU General Data Protection Regulation. Because of the typical size and sensitivity of medical data, it is generally believed that the tag information of medical data, not medical data itself, will be stored in data blocks. However, some important information, such as information on drug allergies, can be published in a public blockchain.
Blockchain technology is constantly improving rather than completed, and it has several potential challenges that must be addressed for it to be adopted for biomedical and healthcare applications. The first challenge involves transparency and confidentiality. Everyone can see everything on a blockchain network. Many believe that medical data itself is stored off-chain and only the hash of the tag information is stored in a blockchain. The second challenge involves speed and scalability. In a proof-of-concept study, transaction processing speed is expected to be only a few hundredths of the conventional way, such as credit card. Considering that the number of transactions in the healthcare sector is enormous, a blockchain technology revolution is needed. The last challenge is the threat of a 51% attack. It is a theoretical but possible risk and a clear solution for this should be suggested.
Many believe that blockchain technology can change medicine and beyond, but no one sees evidence to support their belief. What we need is not rosy expectations, but a real case that provides evidence for the potential of blockchain technology.