annotated bibliography,
Click on the links to review the instructions for the annotated bibliography, library tutorial, and research paper.
View this
video
to learn how to read a scholarly journal article.
Next, read the eight sources you located for the paper and be sure to take notes as you read.
Finally, visit this
website
and create an annotated bibliography based on the sources for the paper.
https://www.bethel.edu/library/research/apa-annobib-sixth
The bibliographic information in your annotated bibliography must conform to APA guidelines (refer to the downloadable APA Citation e-book) AND the annotations MUST be in your own words! (Paraphrase).
*** Be sure to view the attached sample annotated bibliography and grading rubric for this assignment.
View this video on how to use Boolean operators for an Internet search.
View this video on how to use a reference list generator to create the bibliographic citation for the annotated bibliography.
***Submit your assignment as a Microsoft Word file in Times New Roman 12 font
annotated Annotated Bibliography
What is an Annotated Bibliography?
What is an Annotated Bibliography?
Annotated bibliographies are relatively short lists of articles, books and other works on a topic. This list includes both citation information and a paragraph (the annotation) describing and evaluating the source. Annotations are typically 100 to 200 words in length, depending on the intended purpose of the bibliography. The bibliography itself may be in alphabetical order (as in a regular bibliography or list of works cited) or may organize items into categories such as subject, type of resource (i.e. books, articles), or time period.
What are Annotated Bibliographies used for?
What are Annotated Bibliographies used for?
Annotated bibliographies are created for several reasons. Some researchers create them to help keep track of sources of interest and collect their thoughts about the item, often as a precursor to writing an article or book. Annotated bibliographies are often shared or published as a way of gathering the most relevant sources about an issue in one place and sharing the information with others. Readers use the annotations to help them decide whether or not a source is worth pursuing; so it is important that the annotation be accurate and informative.
What’s the Difference between an Annotation and an Abstract?
What’s the Difference between an Annotation and an Abstract?
Many students get abstracts and annotations confused. An abstract is provided for you with an article and is intended to provide readers with a short summary in your own words of the purpose of an article. For scientific articles, it may also mention the type of study/methodology used. Abstracts are often written by the author.
Annotations, on the other hand, not only summarize the main points (in your own words) of a work but also evaluate it and indicate how that work fits into the scholarly conversation on a topic. Annotations are never written by the author and should be unbiased.
Annotated Bibliography with Emphasis on Annotations and Citations
Annotated Bibliography with Emphasis on Annotations and Citations
A. What is it?
i) A list of citations to books, articles, websites, etc.
ii) Followed by a brief (usually about 150 words) descriptive and evaluative paragraph (summarized in your own words), the annotation.
B. What is the purpose of an annotated bibliography?
i) A review of the literature (information from source) on your topic.
ii) Illustrates the quality of research done and encourages critical thinking.
iii) Describes other items on a topic that may be of interest to others doing research.
iv) Inform the reader of the “CRAAP” method.
C. Why write an Annotated Bibliography?
i) To learn about your topic in preparation for your research paper.
ii) To develop a thesis that is debatable, interesting, and current.
iii) To review the literature and determine where your own research fits into the issues.
D. Annotations
i) Annotations versus Abstracts: Both are summaries but…
ii) Abstracts: are descriptive summaries found at the beginning of scholarly journal articles or the summary at the beginning of your APA paper which describes your entire paper.
iii) Annotations: are descriptive and critical summaries in your own words; exposing the author’s point of view, clarity and authority.
E. Types of Annotations
i) Informative : Just a summary description the of source
ii) Evaluative : defines the scope of the source, lists the significant topics included, and tells what the source is about
iii) Indicative: to assess the source’s strengths and weaknesses.
iv) Combination: combine elements of all the types
F. Format of the annotation
i) Double spaced
ii) Use the third person – do not use “I..”
iii) Use the literary present tense.
iv) Examples: “This article discusses…” ; “In this article, the author supports…”: “This book gives a detailed view on…”; “This author(s) describes…
G. Citations
i) What is a citation and it contains?
ii) Citation is the proper format of your source’s information.
iii) It contains: Authors name, Date, Title of work
iv) Each type of source such as books, websites, and articles has different information.
How do I Write an Annotation?
How do I Write an Annotation?
Keep in mind that annotations are supposed to highlight the most important points of a resource. If you’re struggling to keep your annotations short, make sure you’re not getting too specific – if people reading your bibliography want to know more, they can find the work and read it directly. Also, always remember that annotations should be as unbiased as possible – keep your personal opinions out!
Although they are short, annotations should be extremely informative and include most, if not all, of the following categories:
1.Author Information and Purpose
Include a brief mention of the author’s expertise in the area or their credentials. Also consider why the author conducted the research or wrote the article and make note of any particular message or intent of the author.
2.Methods Used or Source of the Information
Mention in broad terms the methods the author used to obtain the information in the article. This is particularly important with scientific sources but also applies to works in the humanities and arts. (For example, the information may be based on personal opinion, experience, interviews, library or archival research, questionnaires, laboratory experiments, empirical observation, or standardized personality tests.)
3.Author’s Conclusion
State the main conclusion drawn by the author and make special note of conclusions that are implied rather than specifically stated.
4.Justification for the Conclusion
Address whether or not the author’s conclusion is supported by his or her data and make special note of shaky reasoning or biases present in the conclusion drawn.
5.Relationship to Other Works
Briefly state how this work relates to other works in the bibliography or the field as a whole. Does the author and/or the information coincide with the other sources? Does it conflict with the standard views? Does the author specifically address other studies or works?
In addition to these 5 main points, annotations may also include the following components, as needed:
1.Author Bias
If you discern any biases of the author, mention these in the annotation and explain how they impact the information in the article (for example, the methods used or conclusion drawn) and how it relates to other sources in the bibliography.
2.Time Frame
You may want to address the publication date and how this impacts the information in the source if you’re citing an older work or a particularly recent work. Consider how the time it was written impacts the value of the information.
3.Audience Information
If the author is addressing an unusual audience or the intended audience impacted the nature of the information used in the article, you should mention the intended audience in your annotation. You may also want to include this if the author’s style makes the work easier or harder for potential readers to understand. (For example, if you’re writing an annotated bibliography evaluating sources for high school students, you should make note of works that are particularly dense reads.)
4.Potential Use
Particularly when writing an annotated bibliography for an assignment, you may wish to include a brief statement of how you intend to use the information in this source in your final paper or project.
Example Annotations – The following examples use APA format for citations.
THESIS STATEMENT IN RUNNING HEAD FORMAT
Halsey, A. (2012). Laws against texting while driving are ineffective. Washington Post. Retrieved from
Gale database.
This article discusses and introduces current and new laws that combat texting while driving. The focus is the state legislature side-tracking safety efforts because they institute trivial laws, such as increasing speed limits to 75 mph. This article also offers statistics in regards to fatalities and its connection to distracted driving. Finally, this article suggests that law enforcement is provided, essentially, ineffective laws. So, they’ve ultimately been set up for failure.
Sawyer, B. D., Finomore, V. S., Calvo, A. A., & Hancock, P. A. (2014). Google Glass: A driver distraction
cause or cure? Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics Safety, 56(7), 1307-1321. Retrieved
from Sage database.
This paper brings attention to applications of Google Glass that will assist in curing distracted driving. It assesses the distraction potential of texting with Google Glass. The authors, and many
of their supporters, claim that the device transmits information without distraction. This article concludes that Google Glass is not a cure, but directed at the design of devices that reduce multitasking.
Chase, J. D. (2014). U.S. state and federal laws targeting distracted driving. Annals of Advances in
Automotive Medicine, 58, 84–98. Retrieved from Ebscohost database.
This article makes a plea for more comprehensive and effective approaches to tackle distracted driving. Restrictions on electronics and some voluntary guidelines and recommendations are emphasized. This article also proposes using past traffic safety campaigns, such as the “three Es”–Enactment of a law, Education of the public about the law, and rigorous Enforcement of the law. This article then concludes that this approach is necessary in order to alter personal behavior and reduce distractions and keep drivers focused on driving.
Simons, D. & Chabris, C. (2015, October 31). A simple solution for distracted driving. Wall Street Journal.
Retrieved from: http://www.wsj.com
This article proposes that cell phone companies integrate a driving mode on smartphones. One of the challenges is motivating drivers to turn on driving mode. To encourage people to use driving mode, this article suggests cell phone and insurance companies offer rewards for using the system. This article also recognizes that any solution should respect human cognition and the flaws of human intuition.
REALITY OF CLIMATE CHANGE 1
Research Question: Is climate change a real threat to human existence?
Annotated Bibliography
Annotated Bibliography
Baum, S. D., Haqq-Misra, J. D., & Karmosky, C. (2012). Climate change: Evidence of human causes and arguments for emission reduction. Science & Engineering Ethics, 18(2), 393-410. doi:10.1007/s11948-011-9270-6
This journal produces significant evidence that the cause of climate change is due to the human actions, these actions is a direction correlation to greenhouse gas emissions.
Cheng, L., Hoerling, M., AghaKouchak, A., Livneh, B., Wei-Quan, X., & Eischeid, J. (2016). How has human-induced climate change affected California drought risk? ClimJournal, 29, 111-120. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D.15-02060.1
This journal points out the drought in California is symptomatic of human-induced climate change. The drought is direct effect of global warming which is caused by climate change. This is due to the rising temperatures which is caused by greenhouse gas emissions. This journals illustrates significant studies and research which shows the history of precipitation in California which shows that the worst drought ever faced was 2011-14 due to rising temperatures.
REALITY OF CLIMATE CHANGE 2
Dunlap, R., & Jacques, P. J. (2013). Climate change denial books and conservative think tank: Exploring the connection. American Behavioral Science, 57(6), 699-731. doi:10.1177/0002764213477096
This journal discusses several topics appearing in journals, articles, books etc about the various denials and skepticism by researches who refuse to agree and try to refute the fact that climate change is caused by human behavior and activities. The contention of politicians surrounding global warming policies and the rising in greenhouse gas emissions.
Hamilton, L. C., Hartter, J., Lemcke-Stampone, M., & Moore, D. W. (2015). Tracking beliefs about anthropogenic climate change, Plos ONE, 10(10), 1-14. Retrieved from Ebscohost database.
This journal aims to illustrate public beliefs on climate change. The information contained shows what are the public beliefs regarding human behavior being the cause of climate change. It shows that while some accept the fact human beings are responsible for climate change many persons still refuse to accept that it is human behavior that caused climate change. Their beliefs is that climate change is a result of natural causes.
REALITY OF CLIMATE CHANGE 3
Milfont, T. L., Milojev, P., Greaves, L. M., & Sibley, C. G. (2015). Socio-structural and psychological foundations of climate change beliefs. Psychology of Climate Change Beliefs, 44(1), 1-30. Retrieved from Ebscohost database.
This journal presents copious information about the greenhouse effect means serious problems and implication for the world as we know it. It signals that many scholars and Nobel Laureates indicate that global warming and climate change can be a danger to world peace in the near future. It also talks about climate change not only having environmental impacts but on life as a whole.
Swim, J. K., Clayton, S., & Howard, G. (2011). Human behavioral contributions to climate change. Psychological and Contextual Drivers, 66(4), 251-264. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/amp-66-4-251
This journal illustrates how climate change is attributable to human behavior and activities. It shows the impacts human beings have on climate change through our unabated use of natural resources which will not stop but increase because of the rate of population growth. It shows how our use of natural resources negatively impacts the environment. It also shows how greenhouse gas emissions potentially will yield devastating effects and consequences for climate change
Assessment Rubric for Annotated Bibliography
| CATEGORY |
A |
B
|
C |
D |
F |
|
Quantity of sources
10 pts. |
Document cites the number of sources outlined in the assignment. |
Document is either one source over or under the required number of sources. |
Document is two to three sources over or under the required number of sources. |
Document is four to five sources over or under the required number of sources. |
Document is more than five sources over or under the number of required sources. |
|
Quality /Reliability of Sources 20 pts. |
All sources cited can be considered reliable and/or trustworthy. |
Most sources cited can be considered reliable and/or trustworthy. |
Some sources can be considered reliable and/or trustworthy. |
Few sources cited can be considered reliable and/or trustworthy. |
Little or no reliable and/or trustworthy sources cited. |
|
Variety of Sources
20 pts. |
Excellent variety of sources; cites more than three types of sources. |
Good variety of sources; cites three types of sources. |
Adequate variety of sources; cites three types of sources. |
Poor variety of sources; cites two types of sources. |
No variety of sources; cites only one type of source. |
|
Writing fluency of annotations 25 pts. |
All annotations contain original summaries and/or evaluation. |
Most annotations contain original summaries and/or evaluation. |
Some annotations contain original summaries and/or evaluation |
Most annotations are lacking original summaries and/or evaluation |
All annotations lack original summaries and/or evaluation |
|
APA and Documentation 25 pts. |
Citations are formatted correctly in the document. |
There are a few formatting errors in the document’s citations. |
There are some formatting errors in the document’s citations. |
There are many and/or frequent formatting errors in the document’s citations. |
There is little or no adherence to APA format in the document. |
Assessment Rubric for Annotated Bibliography
Critical Reading Skills
Questioning, Comparing, and Evaluating
Critical Reading
Critical reading is active reading.
The reader must question, compare, and evaluate reading material.
Reasons for Critical Reading
Critical reading is used to determine the value of reading material for your own purposes, to detect logic that is faulty on the part of the author, to separate fact from opinion, and to determine whether to accept the information being presented or reject it.
True or False
Simply because something is published doesn’t make it necessarily true. Therefore, you must question what you read.
By comparing information on the same subject from different sources, you can select the best information for your own purposes.
Decision Making
Critical reading helps you make informed decisions and form sound opinions.
Questions to Consider
When reading critically ask yourself the following: Is the author qualified to write about the subject, is any important information missing, is the language emotional, and is the information being presented mostly fact or opinion?
The answers to these questions will help you evaluate the quality and usefulness of the reading material.
Source
Hancock, Ophelia. Reading Skills for College Students. 7th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2007.
Annotated Bibliography Emphasis on
Annotations and Citations
EN 121
Analytical Thinking, Writing and Research
What is it?
A list of citations to books, articles, websites, etc.
Followed by a brief (usually about 150 words) descriptive and evaluative paragraph, the annotation.
What is the purpose of an annotated bibliography?
A review of the literature (information from source) on your topic.
Illustrates the quality of research done and encourages critical thinking.
Describes other items on a topic that may be of interest to others doing research.
Inform the reader of the “CRAAP” method.
*
Professor, Why I Gotta Write an Annotated Bibliography?
To learn about your topic in preparation for your research paper.
To develop a thesis that is debatable, interesting, and current.
To review the literature and determine where your own research fits into the issues.
*
Annotations
Annotations Versus Abstracts
Both are summaries but…
Abstracts –
are descriptive summaries found at the beginning of scholarly journal articles or the summary at the beginning of your APA paper which describes your entire paper.
VERSUS
Annotations –
are descriptive and critical; exposing the author’s point of view, clarity and authority.
*
Types of Annotations
Informative
Just a summary description the of source
Evaluative
defines the scope of the source, lists the significant topics included, and tells what the source is about
Indicative
to assess the source’s strengths and weaknesses.
Combination
combine elements of all the types
Format of the annotation
Double spaced
Use the third person – do not use “I..”
Use the literary present tense.
Examples:
“This article discusses…”
“In this article, the author supports…”
“This book gives a detailed view on…”
“This author(s) describes…