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Tourism Management

San Francisco State University, College of Business,
Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management

HTM 424 – Tourism Management

Assignment – Traveler, Tourist

Instructions: You are required to answer the following questions. You should save your
answers in a Word document for submission. Please do not repeat the questions on your
answer sheet. Instead, please list the answers numerically/sequentially by simply
utilizing 1, 2, 3, and 4. Each assignment must have a cover page listing your name, the
name of the assignment, and the date. The cover page does not count towards the word
count. For each assignment, you are expected to answer the assigned questions in your
own words. Each assignment paper should be at least 250 words. Papers less than
the required 250 words will get zero. This does not mean each question requires a
250-word response; rather, the total number of words for answering the questions must
total more than 250 words.

Assignment – Read the assigned article then answer the questions/prompts below.

Reading
1. Caputo, P. and W. L. Heat-Moon (2013). To See America, Be a Traveler, Not a Tourist.

The New York Times. New York

Questions/prompts

1. Reflect on your own personal travels. What have you learned about yourself? About
others?

2. As a future tourism/hospitality business leader, how does knowledge of
traveler/tourist motivations and personal lessons learned help you run your
business?

Sample Reflection Paper Format/Outline

• The following outline should be used for your reflection paper. You are not required

to use the titles (e.g., Brief Introduction, Body, etc.) but should use this general
format when writing your paper.

• Cover Page
o Title of paper to include the following:
o Reflection Paper Title
o Student Name and ID
o Course Title and Section
o Professor Name and Title
o Due Date of Submission

• Main Paper
o Brief Introduction

§ Introduce the topic to the reader and summarize your reflection of
this topic/article.

o Body
§ Address the following prompts as prescribed in the assignment.

Include 3-4 examples for each prompt
o Conclusion

§ Conclude the reflection paper by summarizing your comments and
main points to the reader.

o References
§ Include any references that were used in your reflection paper

including the main authors. Use APA style.

Plagiarism – Unless noted otherwise, assignments will be submitted through Turnitin.com.
It is strongly encouraged that you provide citations for any source/reference that is used in
your writing. Turnitin.com provides both a “match” analysis and grammar analysis. Your
“match” rating must be under 20% and ideally under 15%. Points will be deducted for high
match ratings, including failure of the assignment.

Reflection Paper Assignment Title Goes Here

John Q Student

HTM424 – Tourism Management

ID: 123456789

San Francisco State University

Faculty: Dr. Andrew Walls

January 1, 2000

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voluptas nulla pariatur.

July 11, 2013

To See America, Be a Traveler, Not a
Tourist
The road book has a long and glorious history in the annals of literature, starting perhaps with
“The Odyssey” (assuming you’re willing to consider the sea as a road). One of the newest entrants
in the genre is “The Longest Road: Overland in Search of America, From Key West to the Arctic
Ocean” by Philip Caputo (Holt). Mr. Caputo is a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and the author
of “A Rumor of War,” a memoir of the Vietnam War. His new book chronicles his trip in an
Airstream trailer from one corner of North America to the other.

Recently, Mr. Caputo traveled to Missouri to compare notes with one of the most acclaimed
travel writers of our time, William Least Heat-Moon, the author of “Blue Highways” and
“PrairyErth (A Deep Map).” His latest book is “Here, There, Elsewhere: Stories From the Road”
(Little, Brown), a collection of short essays plucked from 30-plus years of travel. They had a
wide-ranging conversation, condensed and edited here, covering their many years of travel.

The Road Book

PHILIP CAPUTO: The road book is a peculiarly American genre. I don’t know of any Italian road
books or British road books or French road books or Spanish road books. Maybe “Don Quixote”
would qualify as a Spanish road book. Why do you think that is?

WILLIAM LEAST HEAT-MOON: My theory is it comes from the historic fact we are all from
the other side of the planet. I know there are American Indian tribes that deny that, but I think
archaeology and anthropology show that all of the so-called Native American tribes did indeed
come from the Eastern Hemisphere. We’re all the descendants of travelers. And with the exception
of people of African descent, virtually all of our ancestors came here wanting to find better
territory. I think it’s genetic memory functioning — when life gets this way or that way, and we’re
not really happy with it, what do we do? Put a kit bag over one shoulder and head out for the road
because that’s where solutions might lie. Somewhere out there is an answer to why a life is as it is.

CAPUTO: One of the things that’s impressed me about traveling in this country — and I’ve done a
lot of world traveling, as you have, too — is not only the size of the country but the variety of the
landscape, which is like nothing I have ever seen anywhere else. I mean you can be in Arizona or
New Mexico and think you’re in North Africa, and not terribly far away it might look like the Swiss
Alps, and someplace else — say, the Dakotas — looks like Ukraine.

http://us.macmillan.com/thelongestroad/PhilipCaputo

https://www.facebook.com/WilliamLeastHeatMoon

HEAT-MOON: American topography is so incredibly diverse. If you’re traveling by auto, the
windshield becomes a kind of movie. And we’re going to go out on the road, and we’re going to
meet people who don’t think the way we do. And listen to someone who doesn’t think the way we
do, we may learn something that could be useful, as well as something downright interesting.

CAPUTO: Yeah, I think one of the things I got out of this particular journey was running into
people who will change your perspective, who will change the way you looked at things. And
sometimes I think not just for the moment either, but permanently. And I think you’re right, that
the country is big enough and varied enough, not only in its geographical landscape but its social
landscape, that if I do travel to northwest Washington from southeast Georgia, or vice versa, I’m
not going to run into somebody who thinks exactly the way I do and sees the world the same as I
do.

I think one of the things that happens on the road is that you leave behind a lot of your own
inhibitions, your own baggage. And if you let yourself, you become more open to these encounters
and these experiences, and you can really learn something. And you have to be open I think, too, to
the serendipitous moments. Like when I ran into this Lakota shaman named Ansel Wooden Knife.
And the way I met him was I just happened to be in a diner that was serving something called
“Indian tacos,” which I had never heard of before. It’s basically your Mexican taco but made with
Indian fry bread. And I was asking the cook about them and he says, “Oh, you’ve got to talk to
Ansel; he invented them. And he’s sold them all over the country, and he’s quite a guy.”

I looked him up, and here I discovered this guy who is a terrifically successful small-business man.
He was elected to the small-business hall of fame in South Dakota. He has a kind of Horatio Alger
story because he was brought up in a log cabin on the Rosebud Reservation, one of 12 children.

And he astonished me when he told me that at age 9 he was plucked off the reservation, against his
parents’ wishes, and sent to Philadelphia to live with a white family. Essentially he said that they
wanted us Indian kids to become white kids. And he kept running away for three years off and on
until they said he was incorrigible, and they sent him back to the reservation — whereupon he
returned to his original culture. That’s how he became a Lakota sun dancer and a shaman.

I always thought of the Plains Indians’ sun dance as a test of manhood because it involves some
painful rituals. But as a matter of fact, as he said, it’s not — he said it’s an act of sacrifice. He said,
“I spill my blood for the good of all the people.” And he was one of the most serene and wisest men
I’d ever met — for however much longer I’ve got on this planet I’ll always think of him.

Tourist vs. Traveler

CAPUTO: What do you think the difference is between a tourist and a traveler?

HEAT-MOON: I think the higher category is the traveler, in that the traveler makes a deeper
penetration into the landscape and into people’s lives. The traveler probably is moving a bit slower,
and many times on foot rather than with wheels. Wheels can turn a traveler into a tourist very
quickly.

But that said, get in your car and drive diagonally across the Great Plains as you did in “The
Longest Road.” I think it’s penetration of the land, and that begins by going more slowly, by
listening, and by getting out from behind the windshield and looking and doing.

CAPUTO: I think a tourist is usually someone who is on a time budget. A tourist is out to see
sights, usually which have been enumerated for him in a guidebook. I think there’s a deeper degree
of curiosity in a traveler.

HEAT-MOON: Destinations have a key element of defining travelers and tourists, so that tourists
to — let’s pick Arizona — those tourists are likely to head for the Grand Canyon, whereas a traveler
in Arizona might light out for Willcox. Why somebody would want to visit Willcox, I don’t know,
other than to see what’s there. Ask questions: Who was Willcox? What kind of place is it? A tidy
little place, by the way.

Two-Lane Appeal

CAPUTO: What do you learn on these secondary roads, these back roads — and all that you don’t
learn and can’t learn on major highways, especially interstates or four-lane superhighways?

HEAT-MOON: The first one that pops into my mind is, “Two-lane America is the real America.”
That’s not true — the interstates are as real as anything else and can, at moments, seem more real
than a two-lane. So that’s not the answer. It’s true, though, that a two-lane experience will allow
travelers to slow down more. To stop along an interstate in most places is illegal. Rarely so along a
two-lane highway, so that greater slowness we were speaking of earlier — one of the differences
between travelers and tourists — makes it easier to enter a place, to enter a life along two-lane
America.

In two-lane America, there’s often an approachableness in the people who live there, people not yet
terrified of a stranger popping into town. Here comes a stranger who hasn’t heard the story about
how he or she killed a coyote. Aha, fresh meat, fresh ears. And so they’re ready to talk. On an
interstate I’ve never found that — first of all the places where those conversations happen generally
aren’t there. You need the laundromat, a quiet 5:30 tavern, a street corner where you might meet
somebody. I think of the encounters in “Blue Highways” — several happened when I would stand
on a street corner in a village and just wait until someone came up and said, “Who the devil are
you?” On interstates that just doesn’t happen — unless it’s the highway patrol.

Recording the Road

HEAT-MOON: By keeping a record you deepen the travel, you become more aware of what’s
happening as you record it in the evening or the next morning, whatever it happens to be. And it’s
today so easy to keep various kinds of records. A digital world has really opened up possibilities.

One thing that comes immediately to mind, an easy way and probably an enjoyable one, for so
many people would be to keep a blog as one travels. It forces the travelers to evaluate and interpret
what’s going on as they record details of it for later use, maybe even for posterity. But what are
your thoughts about turning travelers — and I didn’t say tourists — for turning travelers into
various kinds of record keepers, for want of a better word?

CAPUTO: First of all it’s an ancient tradition — or at least an old tradition, if not ancient — when
one thinks of all of those travel diaries that were kept by people who trekked the Oregon Trail, for
example, that have proved to be grand historical documents. As you said, keeping a record of your
travels deepens the experience because you’ve got to think about it afterward, while you’re
recording it, whether it’s on a blog, or as I did — I kept a handwritten journal, mainly because I’m
something of a Luddite.

HEAT-MOON: As am I, in that regard.

CAPUTO: But my wife did a blog, which in fact for writing a book was a good record to check back
on as well. Because she would notice things that I might have missed, or sometimes she would have
experiences on her own. And yes it deepens the experiences because you have to think about what
you saw or whom you met. But also the next day you will find that your alertness is higher because
you are looking at things with a view to maintaining them, to recording them.

It’s very easy on the road, as we all know, that you just go into white-line hypnosis, and the next
thing you know you arrive somewhere and you don’t even know how you got there.

One method I found that was really good is I would keep a field notebook. And I actually got this
from Lewis and Clark; that’s what they did. They would keep field notes as they travel along and at
the end of each day — I mean these guys were remarkable, considering that they were writing with
inkwells and quill pens in all kinds of weather — they would record things in the formal journal.
And that’s what I did.

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