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Discussion 1

Watch ONE of the resources recommended by the textbook author.

In your own words, post a ONE PARAGRAPH REVIEW of the resource and how it supports the textbook material (Management Information Systems, 8th Edition, Hossein Bigoli, ISBN-10: 1337406929, ISBN-13: 9781337406925, 2018).

No extra resources are needed.

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Chapter 1 Textbook Recommended Video Resources

1. Smartphones Everywhere and for Everything

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HMUG3TdMHUk

Top 10 Apps for Entrepreneurs and Business Owners

2. Information Technologies at The Home Depot

How technology is changing Home Depot

The Home Depot has over a billion transactions per year, which led to the company buying a small analytics firm in Texas that would allow for them to be able to make sense of the large data sets the company holds (i.e. Internet pricing). The company has also created an app that will direct a customer to exactly what item(s) they are looking for within a Home Depot store.

3. Information Technologies at Netflix

Netflix Quick Guide: How Does Netflix Make TV Show and Movie Suggestions?

This video shows how Netflix creates personal recommendations for its customers. About 70% of what Netflix customers watch are a personalized recommendation that Netflix has provided them.

4. Human Resource Information Systems in Action

New Human Resource Information System by Frontier e-HR

5. Digital Innovation in Retail Industry Using Information Technologies

Innovation in the retail industry

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUEkRppFpJc

Chapter 2 Textbook recommended video resources

1. Popular iPad Business Applications

Apple – iPad in Business – Profiles – Hospital Corporation of America

Hospital Corporation of America (HCA), the largest U.S. healthcare provider, uses the iPad to help take care of patients. The iPad provides physicians with information of the point of care even when they are not in the hospital and make the appropriate decisions that affect patient care. For example, cardiologists can monitor their patients through apps, which will give the cardiologist the ability to make a quick, accurate decision. Other functions that the iPad can serve include showing patients depictions of anatomy that can help patient make important decisions regarding their care.

2. Office 365: Making your Data and Applications Portable

What is Office 365 for business?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WIbqcmSB_E

3. Ubiquitous Computing

The Future of Wearable Technology | Off Book | PBS Digital Studios

Wearable technology like Google Glass is not something that disrupts human interaction, but rather augments it. Wearable technology can be used in healthcare, where people can keep track of an aspect of a person’s health (i.e. wearing a headband that can keep track of a person’s brain activity in order to find out how much time and at what time a person was losing sleep at night). Do It Yourself (DIY) wearables have also been created such as a backpack that has LED lights on it, which can indicate turn signals and break lights for a motorcyclist.

Information Systems: An Overview

Information Systems: An Overview
1

Learning Outcomes

Discuss common applications of computers and information systems

Explain the differences between computer literacy and information literacy

Define transaction-processing systems

Define management information systems

Describe the four major components of an information system

Discuss the differences between data and information

LEARNING OUTCOMES

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MIS8 | CH1

Learning Outcomes (continued 1)

Explain the importance and applications of information systems in functional areas of a business

Discuss how information technologies are used to gain a competitive advantage

Explain the Five Forces Model and strategies for gaining a competitive advantage

Review the IT job market

Summarize the future outlook of information systems

LEARNING OUTCOMES (continued)

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MIS8 | CH1

Computers and Information Systems

Used by:

Organizations to reduce costs and gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace

Students for online classes

Grocery and retail stores

Telecommuters

Information systems and information technologies are terms that are used interchangeably

LO 1

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Computer Literacy

Using productivity software

Examples – Word processors, spreadsheets, database management systems, and presentation software

Having a basic knowledge of hardware and software, the Internet, and collaboration tools and technologies

LO 1

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Information Literacy

Understanding the role of information in generating and using business intelligence (BI) that:

Provides historical, current, and predictive views of business operations and environments

Gives organizations a competitive advantage in the marketplace

LO 2

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Transaction-Processing Systems (TPSs)

Focus on data collection and processing

Mainly used for cost reduction

Applied to structured tasks

Examples – Record keeping, simple clerical operations, and inventory control

Require minimal human involvement when automated

LO 3

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Management Information System (MIS)

Organized integration of:

Hardware and software technologies

Data

Processes

Human elements

Designed to produce timely, integrated, relevant, accurate, and useful information for making decisions

LO 4

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Management Information System (MIS) (continued)

Designing involves:

Defining the system’s objectives

Collecting and analyzing data

Providing information in a useful format for decision-making purposes

Applications are used in both private and public sectors

LO 4

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

1.3 Major Components of an Information System

LO 5

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Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
MIS8 | CH1

Exhibit

Data
Consists of raw facts
Sources of data
Internal data sources include sales and personnel records
External data sources include:
Customers, competitors, and suppliers
Government agencies and financial institutions
Labor and population statistics and economic conditions
LO 5

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Data (continued)
Has a time orientation
Can be collected in different forms
Aggregated data
Useful for reporting overall performance during a sales quarter
Disaggregated data
Helps analyze sales by product, territory, or salesperson
LO 5

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Database
Collection of relevant data organized in a series of integrated files
Essential for the success of any information system
Database management system (DBMS)
Used to create, organize, and manage databases
Reduces personnel time needed to gather, process, and interpret data manually
LO 5

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Process
Generates the most useful type of information for decision making, including:
Transaction-processing reports
Models for decision analysis that can be built into the system or accessed from external sources
LO 5

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Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Information
Consists of facts analyzed by the process component and is an output of an information system
Usefulness depends on the following qualities:
Timeliness
Integration with other data and information
Consistency and accuracy
Relevance
LO 5

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Information (continued 1)
Needs to provide either a base for users to explore different options or insight into tasks
Usefulness is affected by the information system’s user interface
Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are used because they are flexible and easy to use
LO 5

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Information (continued 2)
Systems should produce information in different formats, including graphics, tables, and exception reports
Increases likelihood of users understanding and being able to use the information
Users need to be able to make use of informal information when solving problems
LO 5

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Information Technologies
Support information systems and use:
The Internet
Computer networks
Database systems
Point-of-sale (POS) systems
Radio-frequency-identification (RFID) tags
LO 5

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Importance of Information Systems
Timely, relevant, and accurate information is a critical tool for:
Enhancing a company’s competitive position in the marketplace
Managing the four Ms of resources
Manpower, machinery, materials, and money

LO 6

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Information Systems Used to Manage the Four Ms of Resources
Personnel information system (PIS) or human resource information system (HRIS)
Designed to provide information that helps decision makers in personnel carry out tasks effectively
Logistics information system (LIS)
Designed to reduce the cost of transporting materials while maintaining safe and reliable delivery

LO 7

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Information Systems Used to Manage the Four Ms of Resources (continued 1)
Manufacturing information system (MFIS)
Used to manage manufacturing resources so that companies can:
Reduce manufacturing costs
Increase product quality
Improve inventory decisions
LO 7

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Information Systems Used to Manage the Four Ms of Resources (continued 2)
Financial information system (FIS)
Used to provide information to financial executives in a timely manner
Marketing information system (MKIS)
Used to improve marketing decisions
Provides timely, accurate, and integrated information about the marketing mix
Price, promotion, place, and product
LO 7

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Marketing Technology Tools
Business analytics
Web and mobile analytics
E-mail marketing
Search engine optimization (SEO)
Mobile technologies
Marketing automation
LO 7

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Using Information Technologies for a Competitive Advantage
Michael Porter, a professor at Harvard Business School, identified three strategies for successfully competing in the market
Overall cost leadership
Differentiation
Focus
LO 8

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Using Information Technologies for a Competitive Advantage (continued 1)
Information systems
Help organizations reduce the cost of products and services
Help bottom-line and top-line strategies
Example: E-commerce
Use enterprise systems to create an efficient and effective link between suppliers and consumers
LO 8

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Using Information Technologies for a Competitive Advantage (continued 2)
If designed correctly, information systems assist with differentiation and focus strategies
Differentiation strategies
Making products and services different from competitors
Focus strategies
Focusing on specific market segments to achieve a cost or differentiation advantage
LO 8

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Porter’s Five Forces Model
Analyzes a firm’s position in the marketplace and how information systems can be used to make it more competitive
The five forces are:
Buyer power
Supplier power
Threat of substitute products or services
Threat of new entrants
Rivalry among existing competitors
LO 9

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

1.4 The Five Forces Model
LO 9

Exhibit
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Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
MIS8 | CH1

Porter’s Five Forces Model (continued 1)
Buyer power
High when customers have many choices and low when customers have few choices
Supplier power
High when customers have fewer options and low when customers have more options
Threat of substitute products or services
High when many alternatives to an organization’s products and services are available
LO 9

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MIS8 | CH1
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Porter’s Five Forces Model (continued 2)
Threat of new entrants
Low when duplicating a company’s product or service is difficult
Focus strategies are used to ensure that the threat remains low
Rivalry among existing competitors
High when competitors occupy the same marketplace position
Low when there are few competitors
LO 9

Categories of IT Jobs
Operations and help desk
Programming
Systems design
Web design and Web hosting
Network design and maintenance
Database design and maintenance
Robotics and artificial intelligence
LO 10

Popular Jobs in the Information Systems Field
Chief technology officer (CTO)/chief information officer (CIO)
Oversees long-range planning and monitors new developments that can affect a company’s success
Chief privacy officer (CPO)
Responsible for managing risks and business impacts of privacy laws and policies
LO 10

Popular Jobs in the Information Systems Field (continued 1)
Manager of information systems services
Responsible for managing hardware, software, and personnel in the information systems department
Systems analyst
Responsible for the design and implementation of information systems
Should have a sound understanding of business systems and functional areas within a business organization
LO 10

Popular Jobs in the Information Systems Field (continued 2)
Network administrators
Oversee a company’s internal and external network systems
Provide network and cybersecurity
Database administrators (DBA)
Responsible for database design and implementation
Required to have knowledge and understanding of data warehouses and data-mining tools
LO 10

Popular Jobs in the Information Systems Field (continued 3)
Computer programmers
Write programs or software segments that allow the information system to perform a specific task
Webmasters
Design and maintain the organization’s Web site
Have been in high demand owing to the popularity of e-commerce applications
LO 10

Outlook for the Future
Hardware and software costs will decline
Artificial intelligence and related technologies will improve and expand
Computer literacy and networking technology will improve
Personal computers will improve in power and quality
Internet growth will continue
LO 11

Outlook for the Future (continued 1)
Computer criminals will become more sophisticated
Protecting personal information will become more difficult
Some of the trends that should continue into the future include:
Ubiquitous computing and the Internet of Things (IoT)
LO 11

Outlook for the Future (continued 2)
3D printing, pervasive analytics, context aware computing, smart machines and devices, and cloud computing
Software defined applications and infrastructures
Importance of computer and network security
Increased applications of augmented and virtual reality
LO 11

Key Terms
Computer literacy
Information literacy
Business intelligence (BI)
Transaction-processing systems (TPSs)
Management information system (MIS)
Data
Database
Process
Information
Information technologies
Five Forces Model

Summary
Computers and information systems are used to reduce costs and gain a competitive advantage in the marketplace
Computer and information literacy are two types of knowledge required to be competitive in the workplace
Information systems include data, database, process, and information

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GLOBAL4 | CH2
SUMMARY
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
MIS8 | CH1
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Summary (continued)
Information systems are designed to collect data, process it, and deliver timely, relevant, and useful information for making decisions
Five Forces Model is used to analyze a firm’s position in the marketplace
Some segments of the IT job market have shown growth compared to other job markets, even during economic downturn

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GLOBAL4 | CH2
SUMMARY (continued)
Copyright ©2018 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
MIS8 | CH1
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