History of Psychology

i also will pay 18$ all up front but i need the work done in less than 12 ish hours , the questions are on the 24th slide. i just all the info prep for me to do on a poster it has to be a historically psychology person and do research on them

Welcome to Psychology!

Ms. Dalgleish

Psychology
What do you Know?
What do you Wonder?

Psychology:
The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes

Psychology
A Brief History of

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Trepanning
Out of 120 prehistoric skulls found at one burial site in France dated to 6500 BC, 40 had trepanation holes.

holes were drilled into a person who was behaving in what was considered an abnormal way to let out what people believed were evil spirits. Actually it relieves pressure from an injury or infection, which impairs brain function.
Cave paintings indicate that people believed the practice would cure epileptic seizures, migraines, and mental disorders.[1] The bone that was trepanned was kept by the prehistoric people and may have been worn as a charm to keep evil spirits away.
The holes HEALED. What does that mean? They survived brain surgery
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Ebers Papyrus
an Egyptian medical papyrus of herbal knowledge from 1550 BC

Thales
550 BC
Greece
First to describe world without mythology
Theory of mind (psyche)

Hippocrates 300BC
Galen
170
Illness not supernatural
4 Humors

Stories from North America’s Aboriginal Peoples
Characters in stories have distinct attributes and personality traits:
Intelligent
Quick witted
Observant
Manipulative (Trickster)
Foolish
Lazy
Each animal has a spirit, and is controlled by greater spirit.
Notion of distinct physical and spirit worlds
Mind altering substances used by shamans and others to gain special insights
Importance of thanks and recognition (e.g. for an animal’s sacrifice becoming food) shows that thoughts matter.
Thoughts and actions are distinct.

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Lin Xie
6th Century China
Draw a circle with one hand and a square with the other
First Psychology experiment ever?

Sometime in the 6th C. Lin Xie asked people to draw a square with one hand and a circle with the other. First psych experiment?
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Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi
900 CE
diseases of mind –
“if the nafs [psyche] gets sick, the body may also find no joy in life and may eventually develop a physical illness.”
Perception Experiments
Light, dark, touch, reaction time, and the moon illusion
Ibn al-Haytham

Meanwhile, in Europe…
Mind = soul
Therefore, “Psychology” is the Catholic church’s territory
Until… the scientific revolution (1543 to late 1700s)
Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Leibniz, Descartes, etc…
The universe follows rules:
Advances in technology:
Taken to the extreme – all animals are essentially robots
“Clockwork Universe” (1774)

René Descartes
Dualist (mind and body are separate) and a Mechanist
“I think, therefore I am.”
1664 – published posthumously

1700s
Thinking and writing about human understanding
“HOW DO WE KNOW THINGS?”
John Locke, George Berkeley, David Hume, John Stuart Mill, etc.

Franz Joseph Gall
Phrenology

Francis Galton
1869 – “Hereditary Genius”
first to apply statistical methods to the study of human differences
Pioneer of Eugenics

Wilhelm Wundt
1879
Psychology!!!
First Lab founded – experimental psychology
Physiology alone can’t explain perception and cognition

First to call himself a “psychologist.” – It’s a field of study unique from all others and deserves its own title.

Modern Psychology
in the 20th Century (and beyond)
6 Approaches/ Paradigms
Behaviourism
Psychoanalysis
Humanism
Cognitivism
BioPsych
SocioCultural
Proponents:
Pavlov
Freud
Rogers
Maslow
Piaget
Chomsky
Vygotsky
etc…

Sigmund Freud
The unconscious mind
Free association
Dream analysis
Sex, sex, sex.
The Psychoanalysts:
Cigar?
Or penis?

Ivan Pavlov
Classical Conditioning
(stimulus – response)
The Behaviourists:

Abraham Maslow
&
Carl Rogers
Self directed
Potential
“you’re not a bad person, you just make bad choices”

The Humanists:

Jean Piaget
&
Noam Chomsky
Behaviour is more than response to stimulus
Something is going on in the mind
The Cognitivists:

The PsychoBiologists

Role of genetics
Hormones, chemicals, drugs
Brain Scans

The SocioCultural Psychologists:
Lev Vygotsky, et al.

Context
Cultural Beliefs

Poster Project
Research a major figure in the history of psychology:
Who is your person?
When and where did they live?
What did they do that’s significant to the field of psychology?
Which of the 6 contemporary approaches did they invent or would fit their view?

Requirements /4
-all questions are answered
Presentation /4
-information is organized (title, paragraphs, boxes, etc.)
-use of visuals
Detail /4
-includes a bibliography of resources used
-use of multiple (3)resources
-information is accurate and thorough (explain important terms and ideas)

Journal Time
What ideas did you find interesting/ ridiculous?
Have you ever asked the same sorts of questions?
How would you go about answering them?