3 Discussion Questions, 3 Student Reponses, 2 Journal Entries
Please make sure everything is plagiarism free. Due Sunday, 11/29/2020 at 5pm or sooner. 3 discussion questions with 3 helpful student responses, 2 Journal Entries, 1 do over Journal Entry
HUM106: Experience of Modern Art
Week 8 Discussion
Preparation
To prepare for this discussion:
· Read Chapter 21 in your text, “Architecture and Engineering,” pages 556–557, to learn about architect Richard Buckminster Fuller and the Dymaxion House.
· Urban Planning and Airports
· City planning has been a dream of architects since antiquity, and has only occasionally been realized, as in the Hellenistic cities built after the conquests by Alexander the Great, Roman forums, Renaissance and Baroque piazzas, the Imperial Forbidden City of Peking, and Baron Haussmann’s rebuilding of Paris in the nineteenth century. Although Le Corbusier was one of the visionaries of European planning in his designs for a new Paris, it was only at Chandigarh (see
fig. 21.10
) that he was able to realize some of his ideas. Brasília was perhaps the most complete realization of a new city plan in the twentieth century (see
fig. 21.31
).
· One opportunity for a distinctly modern kind of urban planning was offered by the airports that proliferated in the 1950s and 60s. Unfortunately, very few of these were successfully realized. With some exceptions, the architecture proved routine and its solutions for such problems as circulation were found to be inadequate. New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport is a vast mix of miscellaneous architectural styles illustrating the clichés of modern architecture. A few individual buildings rise above the norm. One is Eero Saarinen’s (1910–61) TWA Terminal (
fig. 21.49
), with its striking airplane-wing profile and interior spaces, clearly suggestive of the ideal of flight. In 1961–62, Saarinen had the opportunity to design a complete terminal at the Dulles Airport near Washington, D.C. (
fig. 21.50
). The main building—with its upturned floating roof and the adjoining related traffic tower—incorporates an exciting and unified design concept. Saarinen here also resolved practical problems, such as transporting passengers directly to the plane through mobile lounges. Because of the increase in air traffic, Dulles was expanded in the mid-1990s to more than double its original size, reminding us that architectural form often derives from changing functions. In the 1960s Saarinen had predicted such an expansion, and hence left behind explicit architectural plans for future use. The final design, completed by the firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, remained loyal to Saarinen’s original plans; the building’s design was extended by 320 feet (97.5 m) at either end, thereby altering the airport’s proportions but leaving the basic form undisturbed.
· 21.50
· Eero Saarinen, Dulles Airport, 1961–62. Chantilly, Virginia.
· Architecture and Engineering
· To many students of urban design, the solutions for the future seemed to lie less in the hands of the architects than in those of the engineers. Architects themselves were closely following new engineering experiments, particularly such new principles of construction as those advanced by Richard Buckminster Fuller (1895–1983). Fuller was the universal man of modern engineering. As early as 1929 he designed a Dymaxion House, literally a machine for living that realized Le Corbusier’s earlier concept in its use of automobile and aircraft construction techniques (see The Dymaxion House, below). In the early 1930s he built a practical three-wheeled automobile, which was recognized as one of the few rational steps toward solving the problem of city traffic congestion, but which was never put into production. These and many other inventions led ultimately to his geodesic dome structures, based on tetrahedrons, octahedrons, or icosahedrons. These domes, which can be created in almost any material and built to any dimensions, have been used for greenhouses, covers for industrial shops, and mobile, easily assembled living units for the American Army. Although Fuller’s genius had long been widely recognized, it was only in the second half of the twentieth century that he had an opportunity to demonstrate the tremendous flexibility, low cost, and ease of construction of his domes. Many innovative structures were constructed for Expo ’67, including Safdie’s Habitat (see
fig. 21.39
), but Fuller’s geodesic dome (
fig. 21.51
) dominated the whole exposition. The structure was a prototype of what he called an “environmental valve,” which encloses sufficient space for whole communities to live within a physical microcosm. The American Pavilion at Expo ’67 was a triumphant vindication of this engineer-architect, whose ideas of construction and design promised to make most modern architecture obsolete.
· Technique The Dymaxion House
· Visionary designer R. Buckminster Fuller proposed a new type of prefabricated structure as an answer to widespread housing shortages, especially among families with low incomes, in the 1920s. It was called the Dymaxion House, its name derived from three terms associated with his design philosophy: dynamic maximum tension. Dynamism relates to Fuller’s interest in energy, especially a maximum use of energy that eliminates waste. The notion of tension related to his interest in the suspension principles used in the construction of modern bridges and radio towers. Fuller harnessed these ideas in the design of the Dymaxion House, a round structure with a domed roof surmounted by a passive ventilator that would provide fresh, cool air year-round. The shell of the hive-like house was constructed of lightweight aluminum and the whole structure was suspended on a central core, what Fuller called a “mast,” which not only provided the main support but also enclosed all plumbing and wiring, allowing for flexible, modular spaces around it. The interior of the house was segmented into four or five pie-shaped wedges to accommodate different domestic activities: cooking, socializing, sleeping, hygiene, etc. The house was estimated to cost $6,500, then the price of a luxury Cadillac automobile and considerably less than conventional houses. It could be shipped easily in an aluminum tube, then assembled by its owner. No single component weighed over 10 lb., making it possible for two persons of moderate strength to erect it. Although the house first appeared in 1929—shown in Chicago’s Marshall Field department store (see
fig. 8.1
)—it was never mass-produced as Fuller envisioned it would be.
· Fuller’s projects demonstrate as clearly as any that modern architecture involved diverse styles and philosophies, showing that there is no single form to answer a particular function. The same political, economic, and cultural influences that contributed to the heterogeneity of responses to World War II, the Cold War, and the expansion of industrialism around the world by visual artists express themselves through the utopian projects of Le Corbusier, the triumphant purity of Mies’s skyscrapers, and the optimistic dynamism of Fuller’s geodesic dome.
· 21.51
· Buckminster Fuller, American Pavilion, Expo ’67, 1967. Montreal, Canada
Read the article titled, “Future Man From Venus,”
Future Man from Venus
by Wayne Mayhall II
Jacque Fresco in a laboratory constructed of concrete and steel. Once completed, the structure will contain built-in furniture and bubble windows.
|
Seventy-four-year-old inventor Jacque Fresco aims to change the world — by building a city of the future. |
The first thing everyone notices about Jacque Fresco is that it’s impossible to keep up with him. Tan from his bald head to his bare feet, sporting a goatee and wearing only shorts, he dresses for comfort but his mind thrives on work. Victim of 74 years of gravity, his 5 foot, 4 inch frame remains slightly hunched as he scurries furiously around his 22-acre model city of the future at 21 Valley Lane, outside the Central Florida town of Venus.
Fresco discusses sketches for his movie, Welcome to the Future, such as these space-age aircraft.
He rises at 5:30 a.m. and adds a few more sketches to the hundreds he’s drawn over the years —sketches of a car with only 32 movable parts or a futuristic train that travels around the world at 3,000 miles per hour by magnetic propulsion. Afterwords, he steps outside he small, streamlined concrete dome and calls he’s gators to the edge of a pond to say, “Good morning.” He likes this quite time when the steam is still rising off the water, before the rest of the world awakens.
“That’s when I get my thinking done,” he says.
When the sun finally climbs and hangs itself in the sky, he rides his lawnmower, cutting paths through the tropical underbrush a blade’s width, from one geodesic dome buried in the woods to the next — there are no sidewalks in this natural setting. Or he confers with the welder to be sure he’s putting a certain piece of metal in it’s proper place, at the correct angle. The welder welcomes his coaching. He’s never worked on such a unique architectural design in a 50-year career he thought had seen it all.
A workshop, soon to be completed, is one component of Fresco’s future city.
These dome shapes, the circular concrete pier that juts out over the pond, the swimming pool with a miniature mountain range as a backdrop, the dozens of models — from space vehicles and a bathroom of the future to universities that float on the ocean — they are all components Fresco had constructed in Venus for his most ambitious project to date: creating the city of the future.
It will be built around the environment and have a circular theme, holding up to 2 million people. Everyone will use everything but no one will own anything. There will be no money, lawyers, businessmen, or crime. Instead, people will work in their chosen field and education will be tailor-made to suit each individual’s pace.
Space Shuttle
Cities around the world will be linked by other communication systems such as teleportation and teletactile (place your hand in a projected waterfall and feel the wetness), as well as a transportation system circling the globe 24 hours a day. Living environments will be controlled by a central, voice-activated computer built into the walls of each home. In tern, entire cities will be controlled by a central correlation computer. Old age will not longer be a stigma because people will live fuller, longer lives and surgery will be performed telescopically by the best surgeons around the world.
Friends and colleagues have a shorthand way of acknowledging Fresco’s prodigious Energy for his project. “Oh, you know Jacque,” they say.
Fresco and his assistant Roxanne Meadows on a bridge built to last. Behind them is Fresco’s home in Venus, Florida.
Through his years, the multi-disciplinarian has harnessed this never-ending supply of energy to produce results in several fields. He work with noted behaviorist B.F. Skinner and psychologist Donald Powell Wilson, author of My Six Convicts, to reveal information responsible for rearranging popular thought on why people act and react to social stimuli.
Models, like this home and helicopter created by Roxanne Meadows, transform Fresco’s ideas into 3-D. The center of the helicopter remains stationary wild outside spins.
A workshop, soon to be completed, is one component of Fresco’s future city.
He also did some experimenting of his own, having once tied horns to the head of a dog to prove behavior is learned. He was right. After several days with horns, the dog was charging like a bull.
Automobile
As an inventor, he developed a three-wheel automobile consisting of only 32 moving parts. He designed a pre-fabricated aluminum house in conjunction with the Aluminum Co. of America in 1945 that was the prototype for thousands to follow and developed dozens of medical tools and devices. And in 1969, he co-authored a book, Looking Forward, about his utopia of tomorrow.
Helicopter
As an industrial engineer, he developed systems for noiseless and pollution-free aircraft and electro-dynamic methods for de-icing aircraft wings. He was one of the first research engineers to develop a technique for reviewing three-dimensional motion pictures without special glasses.
His speech is nonstop and filled with references to technical components, determinants, and antisocial restructuring. He interrupts and disagrees constantly because one idea triggers an avalanche of others.
He likes to make daring statements such as, “All politicians are corrupt and therefore useless.” “That’s propaganda” in his way of dismissing dogma, which he hates. He is restless, passionately curious, irreverent, blatantly honest, and very sharp. He is also one of the few living scientist whose ideas and philosophies threaten to shift scientific paradigms on a regular basis.
Meadows works on a technical drawing of a central computer that will control entire cities.
“Everything in this country is incorrect. Psychiatrists, psychologists, sociologists, and scientists try to adjust people to this culture,” says Fresco. “But to be adjusted to this mess we are in is to turn out worse then we began. That’s why I have always attacked our basic system of values.”
Despite his accomplished, Fresco remains controversial. His, after all, are not the kind of views with which the scientific community can simply agree to disagree.
For instance, he once worked with prisoners and inner-city gangsters and determined that politicians, church goers, and even Mother Teresa were to blame for their problems; everyone but the gangsters and prisoners themselves.
“It’s a question of changing your religion,” he says. “We have a society of ‘do-gooders.’ No one wants to get down to the real problem. No one wants to believe the least of these is a true reflection of us all.”
Unlike some authorities on a particular subject, Fresco has no acronyms soup following his name. He never attended college; doesn’t even have a high school diploma. He was born in 1916 and grew up in California. His dad was an agronomist, his mom a housewife. Intellectually precocious, he found school boring at an early age, even though the teacher roped off a section of the classroom exclusively for him to learn at his own accelerated pace.
The blinds hang outside the windows of Fresco’s dome-shaped home to cool the residents inside.
“It was the late ‘30s and I hadn’t been to school in almost four months when the truant officer finally caught up with me,” he recalls. “The principal told me I had to go to school so I could become a doctor or a lawyer and pledge allegiance to my country. I asked him to questions: ‘Why do I have to be what you or society dictates?’ and ‘Why do I have to pledge allegiance to a country before I have seen the rest of the world?’ Maybe I want to pledge allegiance to all countries, to world democracy.”
Following his dissertation, the 14-year-old promptly stormed out of the office, went home and built his first radio controlled flying saucer. He never returned to school.
As might be expected from someone who thrives on combating the states quo, Fresco hasn’t been content to rest on past laurels. His latest endeavor, besides building a city of the future, is to get a movie made about the project.
“How long will it take to change human values? 90 days,” he says. “If we can get this movie out there, in 90 days people will realize what it will take to build the first model city. Then others will follow.”
History may prove him wrong, but Fresco doesn’t care. What he cares about is stripping the rugs off the evolutionary ladder, puncturing the anthropocentric view of life.
He admits the odds are stacked against him. But “consider Pasteur,” he says. “He was no doctor. He was a chemist. The Wright brothers were bicycle mechanics and Edison had three months of formal schooling.”
As for those who continue to question his direction, Fresco views their doubt as “added motivation to bring (his) utopian world of tomorrow into today.
“Fuel for my fire,” Fresco says. “Fuel for my fire.”
· to learn about Jacque Fresco, inventor, artist, futurist, and his life’s work building the city of the future. (See Below)
Fuller and Fresco were artistic visionaries.
Please respond to the following in a post of 150 to 200 words:
· Describe the political, economic, and cultural influences at work in Fuller’s and Fresco’s architecture.
· Based on your reading about modern architecture and two of its visionaries, identify and explain the most important characteristics modern architects employ in their designs and innovations.
In a post of 60 to 75 words, please respond to at least one other post. Choose to respond to those who have few or no responses.
Part 2: Student Response (Respond To Student Below)
Bridgette Flowers
RE: Week 8 Discussion
Hello professor and class,
Modern architecture structures are meant to focus more on materials than charm. Most modern structures may seem uninteresting to some. But they focus more on a futuristic look using glass, steel, and concrete. These buildings or houses were created with basic shapes and forms in rectangular shapes. Modern doesn’t have to mean current and it does save you more money in a way because the products are cheaper. I actually like looking at modern work that stands out to me more than anything.
Bottom of Form
Bottom of Form
HUM106: Experience of Modern Art
Week 8
Journal Entry:
·
JOURNAL ENTRY: YOUR FAVORITE MODERN SCULPTURE
Journal Entry: Your Favorite Modern Sculpture
Your Favorite Modern Sculpture
For this journal entry, you are going to explore modern sculpture. Like architecture, sculpture is three dimensional. Viewing sculpture gives you a different experience than two-dimensional art, such as a photograph or a painting.
Like everyday art, you will find that modern sculpture exists all around you. You can find it in a museum or at a cultural event. You can also find it in much less formal settings. Consider a fountain at one of the parks in your area (New York City). Many businesses feature sculptures in their lobbies. Likewise, some of our famous monuments are works of modern art. Consider the Statute of Liberty, Mount Rushmore, the Charging Bull on Wall Street, and the Fearless Girl, also on Wall Street.
The purpose of these journal entries is to improve your recognition and observation of the art that is all around you.
Begin Work on Your Favorite Modern Sculpture Journal Entry
To begin work on Your Favorite Modern Sculpture journal entry:
1. View
Check Out the Top 25 Sculptures at MoMA
, which describes sculptures in the Museum of Modern Art, New York. Then select a piece of sculpture that draws you in and explain why you selected this particular sculpture.
OR
Identify a piece of modern sculpture that exists near you or one that you have always dreamed of visiting that draws you in. Explain why you selected this particular sculpture.
. To stimulate your thinking, see the examples listed in the introduction to this journal entry, but don’t be afraid to find modern sculptures that might exist in your own backyard, so to speak.
2. Share an image of the sculpture you selected and provide identifying information about the artwork and the artist.
· If your selected sculpture is one that exists in your community, you may not be able to locate information about the artwork and the artist. If this is the case, be sure to note this.
3. Respond to these writing prompts on Your Favorite Modern Sculpture Template [DOCX]: See page 3
· Why did you select this piece of sculpture to share and to write about?
· What do you see in this sculpture?
4. Be sure to provide sufficient details.
. What do you think and feel about this sculpture?
.
What meaning does this sculpture have for you?
. What message do you think the sculptor wanted to convey?
4. Ensure your journal entry is clear and demonstrates good writing mechanics.
5. Submit an image of your sculpture and your journal entry to the assignment area.
Your Favorite Modern Sculpture Template
Respond to these writing prompts about your selected modern sculpture:
What identifying information can you supply about the sculpture and the sculptor?
Why did you select this modern sculpture to share and to write about?
What do you see in this sculpture? Be sure to provide sufficient details.
What do you think and feel about this sculpture?
What meaning does this sculpture have for you?
What message do you think the sculptor was trying to convey?
DO OVER ASSIGNMENT
HUM106:
Week 7
Assignment from last week the Professor comments are below and he gave me 0 credit for this assignment:
Journal Entry: Your Favorite Artwork From a Museum or Cultural Event
Ok, if you went to Europe this week and viewed this painting in its original setting you would know it is not in a museum. So, I want a piece from one of the museums given in the assignment or a local one with the piece specifically cited.
Journal Entry: Your Favorite Artwork From a Museum or Cultural Event
Your Favorite Artwork From a Museum or Cultural Event
In your first journal entry, Art in Everyday Life, you explored art that exists all around you in your everyday life. Art also exists around you in more traditional settings, such as museums and cultural events. In our increasingly connected world, we have access to more art than ever before. Many major museums offer virtual tours so that that people can enjoy art wherever they live.
Begin Work on Your Favorite Artwork From a Museum or Cultural Event Journal Entry
To begin work on Your Favorite Artwork from a Museum or Cultural Event journal entry:
1. Visit a museum or cultural event featuring modern art in your area (I live In NEW YORK CITY), select a piece of art that you can’t stop looking at, and explain why you selected this piece of art.
OR
Take a virtual tour of one of the below modern art museums, select a piece of art that you can’t stop looking at, and explain why you selected this piece of art:
·
Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago
.
·
Museum of Contemporary Art Australia
.
·
San Francisco Museum of Modern Art
.
·
Tate Modern
.
Note: Nothing beats seeing art up close and personal. You are strongly encouraged to visit a museum or cultural event in person.
2. Share an image of the artwork you selected and provide identifying information about the artwork and the artist.
3. Respond to these writing prompts on the
Your Favorite Artwork From a Museum or Cultural Event Template [DOCX]
: please see page 3 for the template.
· Why did you select this piece of art to share and to write about?
· What do you see in this artwork?
. Be sure to provide sufficient details.
· What do you think and feel about this piece of art?
· What meaning does this artwork have for you?
· What message do you think the artist wanted to convey?
4. Ensure your journal entry is clear and demonstrates good writing mechanics.
5. Submit an image of your piece of art and your journal entry to the assignment area.
Your Favorite Artwork from a Museum or Cultural
Event Template
Respond to these writing prompts about your selected artwork from a museum or cultural event .
What identifying information can you supply about the artwork and the artist?
Why did you select this piece of art to share and to write about?
What do you see in this artwork? Be sure to provide sufficient details.
What do you think and feel about this artwork?
What meaning does this artwork have for you?
What message do you think the artist was trying to convey?
ECO110: Taking Charge of Your Economic Future
Week 8 Discussion
Part 1: Investments
Economists talk about saving and investing as two separate steps. After an individual has saved some money, it’s time to decide on investments.
Describe an investment that you or someone else could make. What are the advantages of this investment? What are the disadvantages? What information would you look for to help you do a brief financial analysis to inform your investment decision?
Please respond to a post made by a classmate.
Part 2: Student Response:
Vatleria Thomas
RE: Investments
Hi Class,
There are all different types of investments like stock market, bonds, mutual funds and real estate. With this in mind, Ownership is what most people comprehend. I prefer dealing with real estate but they say it is much easier to invest in the stock market. Real estate consists of houses, land, private business, farms, apartments and even trailer parks; you just have to view them all as an investment opportunity. Having to take care of a bunch of rental properties could be one disadvantage. Trying to get real estate at 50 % of its worth can be worthier hard. Just remember; anything that declines in value is not an investment, its considered an expense. The underwater mortgages of 2008 is a good example of how dangerous investment can be. This is when you make an investment that you cannot afford assuming it can be sold for a whole lot more. The information I would look for to help me to determine a brief financial analysis to inform my investment decision is risk and profit. As I look at it, profit would stand for asset. We all know there is risk in anything that you do; it may be low today but high tomorrow.
JGR 100: Finding Your Leadership Purpose
Week 8 Discussion
Part 1: Fixed vs. Growth Mindset
This week you learned about the importance of adopting a growth mindset vs. a fixed mindset. Describe a time in your life when you faced an important opportunity or challenge with a fixed mindset? What held you back? Were you concerned about your ability to succeed? Were you worried about other people’s perception of you? (Briefly describe the situation.)
If you could go back in time and redo this situation with a growth mindset, how would that change your approach and the outcome?
Note: To receive full credit, remember also to write 2 posts in the discussion: one original and a response to another student.
Part 2: Student Response (Please respond to the below student post)
Brittany Lue
RE: Fixed vs. Growth Mindset
When I was 18 I worked at a department store, I was there for about a year, and I was offered a management position. At that time in my life I didn’t feel as if I was a leader. I didn’t feel like I was capable of taking on so much responsibility. I also felt that because of my age, people wouldn’t take me seriously. If I could go back and redo this situation I would of taken the opportunity and used it to learn and grow into a better leader.
JGR1200: Finding Your Leadership Purpose
Week 8 Journal Entry
Download the Creating a SMART Goal worksheet and save it to your computer. Follow the directions on the worksheet to complete your journal assignment.
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Fall 2020
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The work is the important part of any writing
assignment. According to Smith, “writing things
down is the biggest challenge” (1). This is significant
because…
Sources
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If you pulled information from more than one source, continue
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SAMPLE POST:
The work is the important part of any writing
assignment. According to Smith, “writing things
down is the biggest challenge” (1). This is significant
because…
The other side of this is also important. It is noted that
“the act of writing isn’t important as much as putting
ideas somewhere useful” (2).
Sources
1. William Smith. 2018. The Way Things Are. http://
www.samplesite.com/writing
2. Patricia Smith. 2018. The Way Things Really Are.
http://www.betterthansample.com/tiger
Examples
https://ask.library.strayer.edu/faq/323416
https://library.strayer.edu/research_strategies/
Strayer Writing Standards 6
Credit to Authors and Sources
Option #1: Paraphrasing
Rewording Source Information in Your Own Words
· Rephrase source information in your own words. Avoid
repeating the same words of the author.
· Remember, you cannot just replace words from the original
sentence.
· Add the author’s last name and a number to the end of your
paraphrase as a citation (which will be the same on your
Source List).
Examples
ORIGINAL SOURCE
“Writing at a college level requires informed research.”
PARAPHRASING
As Harvey wrote, when writing a paper for higher
education, it is critical to research and cite sources (1).
When writing a paper for higher education, it is
imperative to research and cite sources (Harvey, 1).
Option #2: Quoting
Citing Another Person’s Work Word-for-Word
· Place quotation marks at the beginning and end of quoted
information.
· Limit quotes to two or fewer sentences (approximately 25
words) at a time.
· Do not start a sentence with a quotation.
· Introduce and explain quotes within the context of your
paper.
· Add the author’s last name and a number to the end of the
quote as a citation (which will be the same on your Source
List).
Examples
ORIGINAL SOURCE
“Writing at a college level requires informed research.”
QUOTING
Harvey wrote in his book, “Writing at a college level
requires informed research” (1).
Many authors agree, “Writing at a college level
requires informed research” (Harvey, 1).
Use these rules for using evidence and creating in-text citations!
General Credit
· Credit quoted or paraphrased sources using an in-text citation. An in-text citation includes the primary author’s last name and
the number of the source from the Source List.
· Before using any source, first determine its credibility. Then decide if the source is appropriate and relevant for your project. Find
tips here.
· Well-researched assignments have at least as many sources as pages (see assignment instructions).
https://library.strayer.edu/research_strategies/evaluate
https://library.strayer.edu/research_strategies/evaluate
Strayer Writing Standards 7
Web sources are accessed through an internet browser.
Home Pages
A home page loads when typing a standard web address. For instance, typing Google.com into any web browser will take you to
Google’s home page.
Cite a homepage when using information from a news thread, image, or basic piece of information on a company’s website. Find
Tips Here.
Specific Web Pages
If using any web page other than the home page, include the specific page title and direct link (when possible) in the Source List entry.
If the assignment used multiple web pages from the same source, create separate Source List entries (if the title and/or web address
is different).
Effective Internet Links
When sharing a link to an article with your instructor and classmates, start with a brief summary of the article and why you chose to
share it.
Share vs. URL Options
Cutting and pasting the URL (web address) from your browser may not allow others to view your source. This makes it hard for people to
engage with the content you used.
To avoid this problem, look for a “share” option and choose that when possible. Always test your link(s) before submitting.
If you cannot properly share the link, include the article/source as an attachment. Interested classmates and your professor can reference
the article shared as an attachment. Find tips here.
Credit for Web Sources
Charts, images, and tables should be centered horizontally on the page and should be followed by an in-text citation. Design your
page and place a citation below the chart, image, or table. When referring to the chart, image, or table in the body of the assignment,
use the citation.
Do not include a chart, image, or table without introducing it in the assignment and explaining why it is necessary.
On your Source List, provide the following details of the visual:
· Author’s name (if created by you, provide your name).
· Date (if created by you, provide the year).
· Type (Chart, Image, or Table).
· How to find it (link or other information; see Source List section for additional details).
Charts, Images, and Tables
https://ask.library.strayer.edu/faq/322738
https://ask.library.strayer.edu/faq/322738
https://ask.library.strayer.edu/faq/266070
Strayer Writing Standards 8
Traditional Sources
Page Numbers
When referencing multiple pages in a textbook or other print
book, consider adding page numbers to help the audience
understand where the information is found. You can do this in
three ways:
a. by including it in the body of your assignment; or
or b. by using an in-text citation;
or c. by listing page numbers in the order used in your
assignment on the Source List.
Check with your instructor or the assignment guidelines to see
if there is a preference based on your course.
Example
IN-TEXT CITATION
(Harvey, 1, p. 16)
In the example, the author is Harvey, the source list number is
1, and the page number where this information can be found is
page 16.
Multiple Sources (Synthesizing)
Synthesizing is the use of multiple sources in one paraphrased
sentence or paragraph to make a strong point. While this is
normally done in advanced writing, it could be useful for any
writing where you use more than one source. Find tips here.
The key is clarity. If you paraphrase multiple sources in the
same sentence (or paragraph if most of the information
contained in the paragraph is paraphrased), you should
include each source in the citation. Separate sources using
semi-colons (;) and create the citation in the normal style that
you would for using only one source (Name, Source Number).
Example
SYNTHESIZED IN-TEXT CITATION
(Harvey, 1; Buchanan, 2)
In the example, the authors Harvey and Buchanan were
paraphrased to help the student make a strong point. Harvey
is the first source on the Source List, and Buchanan is the
second source on the Source List.
Advanced Methods
Some assignments require more advanced techniques. If necessary, these guidelines help with special
case scenarios.
https://ask.library.strayer.edu/faq/316321
Strayer Writing Standards 9
Substitution and Ellipsis
Omitting unnecessary information from a direct quotation is
often required. To omit information, delete the unnecessary
information and replace it with an ellipsis inside of square
brackets, like this: […]. Find tips here.
There are times when a quality source has made a mistake,
but you still value the information that the source provides. To
solve this issue, change elements of the source (noting what
additions or changes were required). When changing elements
within a direct quotation, delete the original information and
surround the new wording or spelling with square brackets, like
this: “[W]riting”.
The bracket here shows that the original source may have
misspelled “writing” or that the “W” has been capitalized and
was lowercase in the source material.
NOTE: Ellipsis and square brackets cannot be used in
paraphrased source material.
Example
ORIGINAL SOURCE
“Writing at a college level requires informed
research.”
ELLIPSIS
Harvey wrote that writing “at a college level
requires […] research” (1).
SUBSTITUTION
Many authors agree that “[w]riting at an [undergrad-
uate] college level requires informed research” (1).
Footnotes and Additional Content
Written assignments may benefit from including relevant
background information that is not necessarily important for the
main body of the assignment.
To include extra secondary evidence or authorial commentary,
insert a numeral superscript into the text of the assignment
and add the extra evidence or commentary in the footer of the
page as a footnote. (Note: Microsoft Word’s “Insert Footnote”
function is the preferred method.)
Example
When writing a paper for higher education,4 it is
imperative to research and cite sources (Harvey,
1). This suggestion applies to both undergraduate
and graduate students, and it is the first thing that
beginning students must internalize.
4 Mathews has pointed out that this suggestion is appropriate
for all levels of education, even those outside of university, and
is in fact best practices for any form of professional writing
(2). However, this paper focuses specifically on writing
in college-level education.
Appendices
An assignment may require an appendix following the Source List. The appendix is meant to declutter the assignment body or
provide relevant supplemental information for the audience.
If there is only one appendix, it is labeled, Appendix. More than one appendix may be required. Label the first appendix Appendix
A, the second Appendix B, and so on. Each chart, graphic, or photograph referred to in the body of the assignment requires its
own listing in the appendices.
Use descriptive labels in the body of your written assignment to link each chart, graphic, or photograph to its place in the
appendices. For example, when referring to a chart found in Appendix B, a student would include (see Appendix B, Cost of Tuition
in Secondary Education, 2010-2019) after referring to data drawn from that chart.
https://ask.library.strayer.edu/faq/316322
Strayer Writing Standards 10
Source List
The Source List includes all sources used in your assignment. It is a new page added at the end of your
assignment. The list gives credit to authors whose work supported your own and should provide enough
information so that others can find the source(s) without your help.
Build your Source List as you write.
� Type “Sources” at the top of a new page.
� Include a numbered list of the sources you used in your paper (the numbers indicate the
order in which you used them).
1. Use the number one (1) for the first source used in the paper, the number two (2) for the
second source, and so on.
2. Use the same number for a source if you use it multiple times.
� Ensure each source includes five parts: author or organization, publication date, title, page
number (if needed), and how to find it. If you have trouble finding these details, then re-
evaluate the credibility of your source.
� Use the browser link for a public webpage.
� Use a permalink for a webpage when possible. Find tips here.
� Instruct your readers on how to find all sources that do not have a browser link or a permalink.
� Separate each Source List element with a period on your Source List.
AUTHOR PUBLICATION DATE TITLE PAGE NO. HOW TO FIND
The person(s) who published
the source. This can be a
single person, a group of
people, or an organization. If
the source has no author, use
“No author” where you would
list the author.
The date the source was
published. If the source has
no publication date, use “No
date” where you would list
the date.
The title of the
source. If the
source has no title,
use “No title” where
you would list the
title.
The page
number(s) used.
If the source has
no page numbers,
omit this section
from your Source
List Entry.
Instruct readers how to find all
sources. Keep explanations
simple and concise, but provide
enough information so the
source can be located. Note:
It is your responsibility to make
sure the source can be found.
Examples
Michael Harvey
In the case of multiple
authors, only list the first.
2013
This is not the same as
copyright date, which is
denoted by ©
The Nuts & Bolts
of College Writing
p. 1
Include p. and the
page(s) used.
http://libdatab.strayer.edu/
login?url=http://search.
ebscohost.com/login.aspx
Setting Up the
Source List Page
Creating a
Source List Entry
Source List Elements
https://ask.library.strayer.edu/faq/266070
Strayer Writing Standards 11
NOTE: For the example, Harvey is the first source used in the assignment.
How It Will Look in Your Source List
1. Michael Harvey. 2013. The Nuts & Bolts of College Writing. p. 1. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://
search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=590706&site=eds-live&scope=site
Sample Source List
Sources
1. Michael Harvey. 2013. The Nuts & Bolts of College Writing. p. 1. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.
com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=590706
&site=eds-live&scope=site
2. William R. Stanek. 2010. Storyboarding Techniques chapter in Effective Writing for Business, College and Life. http://libdatab.
strayer.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=359141&site=eds-live&scope=site&e
bv=EB&ppid=pp_23
3. Zyad Hicham. 2017. Vocabulary Growth in College-Level Students’ Narrative Writing. http://libdatab.strayer.edu/
login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsdoj&AN=edsdoj.9b7fad40e529462bafe3a936aaf81420
&site=eds-live&scope=site
4. Anya Kamenetz. July 10, 2015. The Writing Assignment That Changes Lives. https://www.npr.org/sections/
ed/2015/07/10/419202925/the-writing-assignment-that-changes-lives
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Journal Activity #2: Creating A SMART Goal
Due Week 8 and worth 50 points
Instructions: Follow the prompts below to start develop a career goal. Your goal can be related to the career field you are currently in, or in the career that you want to have in the future. Use the
Writing SMART Goals
website to help you write your goals. Then, answer the questions to determine if your goal is, in fact, S.M.A.R.T.
Please save your assignment (or journal) as FirstInitial_LastName_JGR100_ J2. Be sure to use this filename when submitting your assignment in Blackboard.
|
Career Goal Ex: I will find a job or internship that aligns with my passions within the next year. |
Specific: What exactly will you accomplish? Be as specific as possible.
Measureable: How will you know when you have reached this goal?
Achievable: Can this really happen? Will you be able to realistically achieve this goal with effort and commitment? Do you have the resources you need to achieve this goal? If not, how will you get them?
Relevant: Why is this goal significant to your life? Why does it matter to you? Why is it important?
Timely: When will you achieve this goal?
2 | Page